Article
Configurable FIFO Buffer ASIC Flow with Gate-Level Simulation & Assertions
Continuous observation of patient health conditions is essential for early detection of medical emergencies and timely intervention. However, conventional monitoring systems often require frequent hospital visits or rely heavily on internet-based infrastructures, which may not always be available in remote or resource-limited environments. To address these challenges, this paper presents a Real-Time Patient Health Monitoring System using an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with GSM-based notification technology. The proposed system continuously measures vital physiological parameters including heart rate, blood oxygen saturation (SpO₂), and body temperature, while also incorporating a fall detection mechanism to identify accidental movements or patient collapse. The collected data from biomedical sensors is processed in real time using the ESP32 controller. The monitored parameters are displayed on a 16×2 LCD screen, allowing patients and caregivers to easily observe health conditions locally. To enhance patient safety, the system includes a threshold-based alert mechanism. When any monitored parameter exceeds predefined safe limits or when a fall event is detected, an audible buzzer alert is triggered locally. Simultaneously, the integrated GSM communication module automatically sends SMS notifications containing patient status information to caregivers, medical staff, or emergency contacts. Unlike many IoT-based monitoring systems that depend on continuous internet connectivity, the proposed solution operates using cellular communication, ensuring reliable alert delivery even in remote areas. The system is particularly beneficial for elderly individuals, patients with chronic illnesses, and home healthcare monitoring environments. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the system provides stable real-time monitoring, rapid alert response, and reliable emergency notification, making it a cost-effective and practical solution for modern remote healthcare applications.
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